How different would the world be if nothing was immortalised with the written word? Would we have been able to achieve the technological progress we have, if we couldn't learn from the brilliant thinkers that went before us? In the man-made world around us, every engineering feat and design marvel, first originated in the imagination of someone. It is a collection of manifested ideas; a myriad coming from the minds and pens of science fiction (sci-fi) writers.
Written 201 years ago, Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is often cited as the first modern work of sci-fi. We are still so taken with it that the MIT Press recently published the original 1818 text with annotations for "Scientists, Engineers, and Creators of All Kinds".
In today's world of artificial intelligence (AI), synthetic biology and climate engineering, this classic novel is a relevant study on science, ethics and the responsibility that comes with creativity. Shelley spent a great deal of time in the company of writers, scientists and inventors. As such, she was well aware of the day's scientific and social developments.
There is a long and wonderful list of such authors who have read history attentively, interpreted the signs of the times correctly and projected the future accurately. NASA acknowledges the uncanny similarities between Jules Verne's "From earth to the moon" and the actual moon landing 104 years later.
George Orwell saw government surveillance coming; Isaac Asimov gave us the "Three Laws of Robotics", while the 'Uplift Universe' of David Brin sees chimps and dolphins with human intelligence, thanks to genetic engineering. Countless other technological advances and social changes have been foretold in what seemed to be at the time, flights of fancy.
As we try to navigate and unravel uncertainty, could we perhaps tap into the imaginations of these idea-generators and be inspired to use it as a blueprint for design and future planning?
Tinkerers and thinkers
Sci-fi often breaks barriers of limitations and opens up different realms of our imagination – that's what makes it fascinating. Sometimes we need a visual to get the vision and a vivid story and heroic characters can do that. And: By challenging the status quo, it forces us to ask ourselves are we challenging our thinking enough?
There are sci-fi writers who hold degrees in science, strategic foresight and innovation. Others prefer not to be encumbered with minor details like physics and enjoy letting their minds run off-leash. The mix makes for a think tank brimming with weird and wonderful ideas and theories.
It is no longer only fans of the genre who search for adventure between the pages of their favourite authors, business leaders and governments are tapping into the brains behind it to glean some insight into possible futures.
In a bid to solve some of the world's most pressing problems, Japan's ANA airline and the XPrize Foundation created the Science Fiction Advisory Council made up of 64 leading sci-fi writers and filmmakers. Nike and Boeing are paying sci-fi writers lots of money for their worldbuilding skills, also known as sci-fi prototyping or future casting. Writers are tasked with imagining their clients' future and advising on the best strategy for progress and profit.
Their role is to be the visionaries with bold ideas, while innovators make it happen.
Forewarned is forearmed
And if there are opportunities seen by sci-fi writers, there are also threats. In fact, writers now form part of the French army's Red Team to imagine potential new threats and scenarios that regular military strategists might not be inclined to imagine. How can engineers apply these same principles in their roles as designers and advisors? Could imaginative thinking enable us to foresee the unseen consequences of an invention?
Just imagine if a sci-fi writer explored these consequences beforehand. What gigantic curveballs could be pre-empted when we are developing artificial gestation of humans, the creation of sentient robots and genetic manipulation of existing life forms?
And if 3D printing, which was inspired by Star Trek's 'replicator', now allows engineers to create prototypes of ideas and designs that are products of our imaginations…what kind of new design solutions can be unlocked if our designers really went, not just out, but far away from the box to engineer the impossible?
Inspire, Create, Repeat
Award-winning author Allen Steele talks about the sci-fi feedback loop, remarking that sci-fi writers are constantly peering over the shoulders of scientists and technologists, and that scientists often pursue ideas that were first expressed in fiction.
While the currently trending dystopian literature has its place as a herald of warning, we need to balance it with the pro-progress, utopian, golden age of sci-fi, if we want to inspire new generations. Many children who grow up with fascinating stories make it their life mission to turn these visionary tales into reality.
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers asked seven world-leading engineers and innovators how sci-fi set their imaginations free and unlocked their dreams. Their stories of how Star Wars and Terminator inspired careers in robotics and tech entrepreneurship will give any sci-fi writer goosebumps.
Although sci-fi has consistently predicted future technologies and social phenomena, its true value might not lie in its predictive aptitude, but rather in its ability to inspire. In a 1932 BBC Radio broadcast, HG Wells remarked that we need professors of foresight. He would have been pleased to know we are taking his advice.
Fast forwarding to the 21st century, technology firm Arx Pax is developing Magnetic Field Architecture (MFA), a technology that is based on Lenz's Law to control electromagnetic energy to make objects hover.